陈小佳,沈成武,Laurence L.Jacobs

• 1:武汉理工大学交通学院
• 2:武汉理工大学交通学院
• 3:佐治亚理工学院土木与环境工程系 湖北武汉430063
• 4:湖北武汉430063

摘要(Abstract)：

超声波穿过受损材料后,都会产生一定程度的非线性效应,如谐波.利用非线性波动理论中二阶谐波幅值与基波幅值的关系,探讨了通过测试谐波比关系的变化,获得材料非线性特征改变,进而判断材料损伤的方法,并进行了试验研究.试验中制作了两组水泥砂浆试棒,采用了相同活性碱骨料砂、相同水灰比,其中一组中通过碱骨料反应引入不同程度的微裂缝;另一组保持无损状态.两组水泥砂浆试验的对比试验结果表明,材料经碱骨料损伤后,其超声非线性特征变化十分明显.证明本方法对混凝土材料微裂缝的探测非常敏感,对于水泥基材料而言,是一种极具潜力的材料退化评估方法.

关键词(KeyWords)： 非线性超声;谐波幅值比;微裂缝探测;水泥基材料

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):

作者(Author): 陈小佳,沈成武,Laurence L.Jacobs

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Krautkramer J,Krautkramer H.Ultrasonic testingof materials[M].Berlin:Springer,1977.
• [2]Green R E.Ultrasonic investigation of mechanicalproperties[M].London:Academic Press,1973.
• [3]Buck O.Material characterization and flaw detectionby acoustic NDE[J].Journal of the Minerals,Met-als&Materials Society,1992,44:17-23.
• [4]Rokhlin S I,Matikas T E.Ultrasonic characteriza-tion of surfaces and interfaces[J].Material ResearchSociety Bulletin,1996,21(10):18-29.
• [5]Guyer R A,Johnson P A.Nonlinear mesoscopicelasticity:Evidence for a new class of materials[J].Physics Today,1999(4):30-60.
• [6]Buck O,Morris W L,Richardson J N.Acoustic har-monic generation at unbonded interfaces and fatiguecracks[J].Applied Physics Letters,1978,33(5):371-373.
• [7]Richardson M.Harmonic generation at an unbondedinterface.I.Planar interface between semi-infiniteelastic media[J].International Journal of Engineer-ing Science,1979,17:73-75.
• [8]Morris W L,Buck O,Inman R V.Acoustic harmon-ic generation due to fatigue damage in high-strengthaluminum[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1979,50(11):6737-6741.
• [9]Yost W T,Cantrell J H.Materials characterizationusing acoustic nonlinearity parameters and harmonicgeneration[C]//D.O.Thompson and D.E.Chimen-ti,Editors,Engineering materials Review of progressin quantitative nondestructive evaluation.New York:Plenum Press,1990,9B:1669-1676.
• [10]Nazarov V E,Sutin A M.Nonlinear elastic constantsof solids with cracks[J].Journal of the AcousticalSociety of America,1997,102(6):3349-3354.
• [11]K Van Den Abeele,Johnson P A,Sutin A M.Non-linear elastic wave spectroscopy(NEWS)techniquesto discern material damage.Part I:nonlinear wavemodulation spectroscopy[J].Research in Nonde-structive Evaluation,2000,12(1):17-30.
• [12]Sutin AM,Declos C,Lenclud M.Investigations ofthe second harmonic generation due to cracks in largecarbon electrodes[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd Sym-posium on Acoustical and Vibratory SurveillanceMethods and Diagnostic Techniques,Senlis,France,1995:725-35.
• [13]TenCate J A,Shankland T J.Slow dynamics in the non-linear elastic response of Berea sandstone[J].Geophysi-cal Research Letters,1996,23(21):3019-3022.
• [14]TenCate J A,Smith E,Guyer R A.Universal slowdynamics in granular solids[J].Physical review let-ters,2000,85(5):1020-1023.
• [15]Rudenko O V.Nonlinear methods in acoustic diag-nostics[J].Russian Journal of Nondestructive Tes-ting,1993,29(8):583-589.
• [16]Naugolnykh K,Ostrovsky L.Nonlinear waveprocesses in acoustics,cambridge texts in appliedmathematics[M].London:Cambridge UniversityPress,1998.
• [17]Johnson P A,Guyer R A.The astonishing case ofmesoscopic elastic nonlinearity[J].Physics today,1999(4):30-36.
• [18]Johnson P A,Rasolofosaon P N J.Manifestation ofnonlinear elasticity in rock:convincing evidence overlarge frequency and strain intervals from laboratorystudies[J].Nonlinear Processes Geophysics,1996(3):77-88.
• [19]Nagy P B,Adler L.Acoustic nonlinearities in plas-tics[C]//D.O.Thompson and D.E.Chimenti,Edi-tors,Review of progress in quantitative nondestruc-tive evaluation,1992,11:2025-2032.
• [20]K Van Den Abeele,Carmeliet J,TenCate J A,etc.Nonlinear elastic wave spectroscopy(NEWS)tech-niques to discern material damage.Part II:singlemode nonlinear resonance acoustic spectroscopy[J].Research in Nondestructive Evaluation,2000,12(1):31-42.